Hope Restored
Sunday, December 11
Third Sunday of Advent
Focus Theme
Hope Restored
Weekly Prayer
Merciful God of peace, your word, spoken by the prophets, restores your people’s life and hope. Fill our hearts with the joy of your saving grace, that we may hold fast to your great goodness and in our lives proclaim your justice in all the world. Amen.
Focus Reading
Psalm 126 and Isaiah 61:1-4, 8-11
Psalm 126
When the God restored the fortunes of Zion,
we were like those who dream.
Then our mouth was filled with laughter,
and our tongue with shouts of joy;
then it was said among the nations,
“God has done great things for them.”
God has done great things for us,
and we rejoiced.
Restore our fortunes, O God,
like the watercourses in the Negeb.
May those who sow in tears
reap with shouts of joy.
Those who go out weeping,
bearing the seed for sowing,
shall come home with shouts of joy,
carrying their sheaves.
Isaiah 61:1-4, 8-11
The spirit of the Lord God is upon me,
because the Lord has anointed me;
he has sent me to bring good news to the oppressed,
to bind up the broken-hearted,
to proclaim liberty to the captives,
and release to the prisoners;
to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor,
and the day of vengeance of our God;
to comfort all who mourn;
to provide for those who mourn in Zion–
to give them a garland instead of ashes,
the oil of gladness instead of mourning,
the mantle of praise instead of a faint spirit.
They will be called oaks of righteousness,
the planting of the Lord, to display his glory.
They shall build up the ancient ruins,
they shall raise up the former devastations;
they shall repair the ruined cities,
the devastations of many generations.
For I the Lord love justice,
I hate robbery and wrongdoing;
I will faithfully give them their recompense,
and I will make an everlasting covenant with them.
Their descendants shall be known among the nations,
and their offspring among the peoples;
all who see them shall acknowledge
that they are a people whom the Lord has blessed.
I will greatly rejoice in the Lord,
my whole being shall exult in my God;
for he has clothed me with the garments of salvation,
he has covered me with the robe of righteousness,
as a bridegroom decks himself with a garland,
and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.
For as the earth brings forth its shoots,
and as a garden causes what is sown in it to spring up,
so the Lord God will cause righteousness and praise
to spring up before all the nations.
All Readings for this Sunday
Isaiah 61:1-4, 8-11
Psalm 126 or Luke 1:46-55
1 Thessalonians 5:16-24
John 1:6-8, 19-28
Focus Questions
1. On this Gaudete Sunday, what are the sources of our joy, even in the face of trying circumstances?
2. What freedom, what new or rebuilt life do we long for?
3. On what promises do we rely, and in what do we rejoice?
4. What are signs that our society has come to accept the idea of a permanent underclass, here and abroad?
5. As we prepare for the coming of Jesus, who identified his own call with this passage, what is the deep hope within us for the world?
Reflection
by Kate Huey
While First Isaiah warned of God’s impending judgment on an unfaithful nation, and Second Isaiah spoke words to comfort God’s people during their captivity in Babylon, Third Isaiah addresses the dire situation of the exiles after they’ve returned to their devastated homeland. The glorious homecoming in last week’s reading from Isaiah 40 was beautiful and inspiring, but the reality of rebuilding their lives in the wake of such destruction was overwhelming. And it was complicated, too. Not everyone had been carried off into exile: perhaps only the “flower” of their leadership in religion, learning, and the arts were taken. But what better way to break an entire people than to leave them leaderless? And what happens when the exiled leaders inevitably find a very different situation when they return home?
Even with its “shouts of joy,” the psalm reading is actually a lament, a cry for help in the midst of terrible circumstances. The psalmist remembers what God has done for Israel in the past, and what it felt like: on the ancient foundation of the promises to Abraham and Sarah (many descendants and a land of their own) and the memory of the exodus from slavery in Egypt, there was, more recently, homecoming, return from exile in Babylon, freedom at last. The psalmist also remembers how they shouted with joy and laughter on their way home. Years later, however, the first rush of joy is over, and they are struggling. The rebuilt Temple, the centerpiece of their worship, is not as magnificent as the one built by Solomon, but there are even greater problems facing them. Return is not the same thing as restoration, as anyone knows who has tried to heal a relationship, or to rebuild a community after a natural disaster. Think, for example, of the long-term project of rebuilding New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, or Japan after the terrible earthquake and tsunami last year. Whether a natural disaster or an act of human destruction, the leveling of a city, a nation, is devastating for its people. Just returning to their homes, or the pieces of their homes, is not the same thing as having their lives restored. That will require a much deeper transformation, and both an individual and a communal effort.
Perhaps the exiles were in a similar situation. Beth Richardson describes a tension that we may never have considered, “a deep problem within the postexilic community. There is a struggle between the persons returning and those who had stayed behind. The returning exiles are depicted as controlling those who had not been deported” (The Storyteller’s Companion to the Bible, V. 7). Would that have made the people who had been left behind now the oppressed, broken-hearted captives, and the returnees a problem? Perhaps, but in any case, the infrastructure of their society, spiritually as well as physically, had collapsed, and everyone felt crushed. A formidable task of rebuilding lay before them. Walter Brueggemann suggests that the “they” who would rebuild the city were those “oppressed”: “the speaker,” he writes, “knows where to find the workers, the expertise, the energy and passion for the rebuilding of the city.” That would address the physical rebuilding, but what about the spiritual rebuilding? That’s why God sends prophets. Third Isaiah’s task, Brueggeman says, was “to ‘gospel’ these defeated folk back to power and constructive action” (Texts for Preaching Year B).
On this Third Sunday in Advent, we might share to some degree the challenges faced by Third Isaiah and his people. True, the people of Israel had suffered much longer than many of us, although there are countless others whose deep suffering has gone on much too long. There are systems and practices and attitudes that keep people down if not captive, trapped in poverty, hunger, disease, and war. This Advent, the pain spreads as one nation after another faces cascading economic problems, not the least of them unemployment or the threat of unemployment, foreclosure, and crushing debt.
Set free from debt even in a season like this?
In the time of Isaiah, imprisonment was more likely for debts than for hard crime. No wonder folks needed to hear that someone had come to “proclaim release to the captives”! In our society, many folks feel trapped by debt, by “upside-down” mortgages and huge credit card balances, and they would love to be set free. Perhaps some of that debt is from our own spending on things we didn’t really need, but there are plenty of us who have burdensome debt from our schooling, from health expenses, from the costs of raising children, from our need for food and housing. Many of us, then, can hear talk of jubilee, or a reversal of fortune, as good news, the cancellation of debt, freedom from worry. But the good news from a still-speaking God extends beyond our own lives to the life of the world. Ancient Jerusalem after the exile, damaged and in ruins, in need of being rebuilt, is a powerful symbol of our cities and towns today, and of the world beyond our borders, where nations are imprisoned by enormous debt that needs to be forgiven.
If anything, the global economy has brought home just how much we are connected to, and dependent on, one another. Our physical infrastructure is showing signs of wear and tear: the health system that takes care of our bodies is strained, and the very roads and bridges we travel on are cracking under the load of the cars we can’t afford to drive. There’s work to be done, needs to be met, and one piece of the good news is that there are workers to do the work. The ruins of our cities could be restored, if we truly experienced ourselves as a community and not as individuals looking out for ourselves and our own. Wouldn’t that be good news and a source of joy? Wouldn’t it be something to remember, and to sing about?
Both personal and communal sorrow
Awareness of our shared crisis looms in our minds as we read this text, but so does a sensitivity to the poignant personal sorrow of many in our midst. While we observe Advent, the world around us tells us to be joyful as we shop and clean and fill up our calendars. But all around us are also those who carry heavy burdens of grief, depression, loss, illness, and financial worries. The holidays make these problems even more pressing. Homecomings, whether they are to church or to family households, can be filled with expectation and met with disappointment. Cynthia Jarvis touches on these painful places in the human heart, “conditions…made acute by the culture’s merriment: the relationships severed, the addictions hidden, the violence barely domesticated, the depression denied, the affair raging, the self-loathing cut deep into the flesh, the greed, the hatred, the fear” (Feasting on the Word). This Advent, I think of my own father, who is grieving the loss of my mother in September, after 70 years of marriage. I think of my friend, whose young, newlywed daughter, my godchild, died in a terrible accident last spring. How will they face the merriment of Christmas this year?
By now, one may be wondering, Where’s the joy? We remember the promise of the psalm: “Those who go out weeping, bearing the seed for sowing, shall come home with shouts of joy” (v.6). Talitha Arnold reflects on the mystery of suffering turned to joy: “The natural power of God to turn seeds into grain would be miracle enough. But Psalm 126 makes an even greater statement. The seeds are not ordinary, but seeds of sorrow. The fruit they bear is not grain or wheat, but shouts of joy.” We seek joy in this season, but perhaps we look in the wrong places and in the wrong ways: “This is no jingle-bells joy brought with a swipe of a credit card,” Arnold writes. “The seeds of this joy have been planted in sadness and watered with tears. This is the honest joy that often comes only after weeping has tarried the night” (Feasting on the Word). Dennis Olson roots this joy in the confidence that God will keep God’s promises: “Such joy is in contrast to the frantic pushing and shoving of a department store cash register line or the fatigue and boredom on the faces of those strolling down the shopping mall corridor. The true joy of this text is marked by song and dance, by concrete actions energized to ‘build up the ancient ruins’ and ‘repair the ruined cities'” (The Lectionary Commentary).
That day when all things will be whole
God is at work in every human endeavor that strives for peace and wholeness, even if that peace is partial and that wholeness only glimpsed. We are leaning toward that day when all things will be whole, not just restored but made new. And this promise isn’t for just one nation but for all of God’s children; Dennis Olson reminds us that God made promises to Abraham and Sarah about being a blessing to “all the families of the earth” (Genesis 12:1-3). So the healing and compassion will encompass all those who suffer, and the rebuilding will make our social systems as just as our bridges will be made sturdy. When Jesus, the One whose birth we await this Advent season, began his ministry, he went to the synagogue and took out this scroll from the prophet Isaiah, and read these elegant and hope-filled words of promise. That is why we read Isaiah’s “gospel” during this season of hope, and on this Sunday of joy, Gaudete Sunday. Olson writes that “Jesus’ ministry of healing and freeing and preaching became the definitive sign of God’s coming into the world in a new and definitive way in the form of Jesus, Isaiah’s Spirit-filled and anointed servant of the Lord. In Jesus, the messianic age had dawned” (The Lectionary Commentary). And this spirit continues, within the church, within us, in every act of justice and rebuilding, healing and hope.
Looking at the poverty and deterioration of our cities, we are perhaps reminded of the destruction of Jerusalem and the challenge before those who sought to rebuild it. Walter Brueggemann writes that, for them and for us, “Thus the energy and resources to rebuild the shattered city have as a prerequisite the rearrangement of economic power. This tradition would entertain no ‘permanent underclass'” (Texts for Preaching Year B). What does the concept of a “permanent underclass” say about a society? How does God still speak to us today about our treatment of those of us who are poor, those of us who are most vulnerable and without voice? Who is speaking for the poor and the marginalized as we dream of rebuilding our own cities? Who is speaking for the poor in nations pressed down with international debt? In what ways do we see ourselves in the ancient anointed one, and in what ways do we identify with his call, in our own lives today? Can we, too, proclaim, “The Spirit of the Lord is upon us”?
For Further Reflection
M. Scott Peck, 20th century
The truth is that our finest moments are most likely to occur when we are feeling deeply uncomfortable, unhappy, or unfulfilled. For it is only in such moments, propelled by our discomfort, that we are likely to step out of our ruts and start searching for different ways or truer answers.
French proverb
Hope is the dream of a soul awake.
Oscar Wilde, 19th century
We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.
Latin proverb
Dum spiro, spero: While I breath, I hope.
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n of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. The Revised Common Lectionary is © 1992 Consultation on Common Texts. Used by permission.