Kenneth Clark and his wife Mamie Clark worked as a research team to conduct groundbreaking research on the effects of racism. They are known for their 1940s experiments using dolls to study children's attitudes about race. Their study presented a white doll and a black doll to African-American children and asked them which doll they felt was smarter and prettier. Most of the children chose the white doll. The Clark’s research proved that African-American children had internalized racism. The Clarks testified as expert witnesses in Briggs v. Elliott, one of the cases that rolled into Brown v. Board of Education. The Clarks' work contributed to the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in which it determined that de jure racial segregation in public education was unconstitutional.  In addition to working as a team, Kenneth Clark also was the first African-American president of the American Psychological Association.

Watch as MSNBC repeated the Clark’s doll experiment in 2007: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WG7U1QsUd1g